Composition shingle



R. S. SIEVERNS COMPOSITION SHINGLE Filati S9191. 29 1922 (Figi.

RICHARD SEVERNS, OF DELACO, NEW JERSEY.'

COMPOSITION SHINGLE.

Application led September 29, 1922. Serial No. 591,283.

To all whom t may concern:

Be it known that I, RICHARD S. SEvERNs, a citizen of the United States, residing at Delanco, in the county of Burlington and State of New Jersey, have invented certam new and useful Improvements ini Composition Shingles; and I hereby declare that the following is a full, clear,.and exact description thereof, reference' being had to the accompanying drawings, which form part of this specification.

This invention relates to flexible repared composition shingles for rooting. ne'

, the roof as though the same were covered the usual single shingles, when said twin shingles are laid in overlapping relation on said roof.

Another object of the invention is to provid'e a novel design for twin shingles which will afford a three-ply protection 'to the roof at the tabs when said twin shinglesV are properly placed thereon. I

A. further object of the invention 1s to provide a twin shingle which by reason of the design thereof may be readily and economically cut by machine from a strip of composition roofing material with a minimum -of waste.

A still further object thereof is to provide novel means for properly spacing the shingles while'laying the same, and at the same time to provide means for fastening the outer and free ends of the exposed shingle tabs to the body portion of the shingle directly below said tab, in order to prevent the outer ends of said tabs from curling upward under the action of the elements, whereby more 'complete protection is afforded. y

I wil1 explain the invention with reference to the accompanying drawings which illustrate a practical embodiment thereof, to enable others to adopt and use the same; and summarize in the claims the novel features of the invention, and' novel combinations of parts, for which protection is de sired.

In the drawings:

Fig. 1 is a plan view of a portion of a roof covered with my novel twin shingles,

showing the arrangement of said shingles,

and the novel shingle spacing and tab fastening clip.

Fig. 2 is an enlarged detail one of my novel twin shingles.

Flg. 3 is an enlarged detail View of my novel shingle spacing and tab fastening clip before bending same.

4 Fi 4; ii; an enlarged' section on the line Fig. 5 is a diagrammatical plan view showing how the novel shingles can be economically cut from a strip of flexible roofing material Fiv is an enlarged section on the line Fig. 7 is a top plan view of the parts shown in Fig. 6. l

As shown in Fig. 2, each twin sufl'icient length to constitute two single sh 1ngles, and of any suitable or desired width. On one edge of the body portion l and integral therewith, andlocated at distances equal to one-fourth, and three-fourths respectively of the length of said' bod. portion, arertabs l, preferably triangu ar in shape, the side edges'of said tabs sloping at an angle of 15 to the length of the body portlon 1.

The length of each triangular tab 1 is preferably somewhat less than the width of the body portion 1, and the width of the -base of each tab 1a is preferably slightly less than one half the length of the body p0rtion 1, the adjacent tabs being slightly separated at the edge of the body portion 1 intermediate the tabs 1a, as shown at 1c in Fig. 2` and the tabs being slightly spaced from the ends ofthe body 1 as shown at 1cx in Fig. 2, the parts 1cx of adjacent shingles together equaling in length the part 1c.

The apex of each triangular tab 1 is preferably blunted as at 1d, and in each tab, on the center line and adjacent the-outer edge thereof, is a slot le, as shown in Fig. 2, extending transversely to the axis. of said tab, said slot 1e being adapted to be engaged by the tongue of a shingle spacing and tab fastening clip 2, hereinafter described.

Intermediate the tabs 1a in the edge 1c of plan view of shinglecomprises a rectangularY body portion 1 of body portion 1 is formed a slot 1 of suitf- "spect to the adjacent tabs 1n.

rovided recesses 1g, otA the same depth as slot. 1f, but of only half the width-thereof, so that when two shingles in the same row are placed end to end (as shown in,Fig. 1) the adjacent recesses 1g in the shingles will together forni av slot similar in size to the grooves 1', and similar in location with rellaeh slot formed by adjacent recesses 1g. as above described, is also adapted to receive the tongue ot' a shingle spacing and tab fastening clip '2.

'lhc shingle spacing and tab fastening c lip may be inade ot' any desired niet-al, being preferably made from sheet copper and 1n forni like a letter lV/,/as shown in Fig. 3- Betore using the clip the tongue or shank 2b is bent upward at right angles to the portion Q, the portion 2,thereot' tirining the base of said clip. The width of \the tongue 2b is preferably slightlylless than the width ofthe slot 1e and the slotil. ln use after a row of shingles is laid the base 2 of the clip Q is inserted under the edge 1c of the lower row of shingles. as shown in Figs. 6 and 7,' with tongue 2b thereof extending upwardly through the slot 1f (or 1g, 1g), said tongue 2b is passed through the slot 1e in the outer edge of the tab 1a, superimposed thereon, and the projecting end of the tongue 2b is then bent. downward. as shown iii Figs. 1, 4, 6 and 7, securely locking the clip 2 in position and effectively preventing the outer end of the superimposed tab 1a from curling upwards, thereby ensuring a tight, durable and sightly roof covering.

As illustrated in Fig. 1, when the shingles are laid on the roof only the tabs 1a and the part of the body portions 1 opposite and symmetrical with said tabs 1a of each twin Shingle are exposed to the weather, and the portions of the roof at the tabs are covered by three layers of the rooting material. Also since the shingles in adjacent rows are staggered the joints or abutting edges of adjacent shingles in thesame row, will be covered by the tabs 1a of the next row or' shingles superimposed thereon, making said joints water-tight.

In laying the shingles a starter 3 shown in Fig. 1, (comprising a plain strip of the roofing material ot the same width as the overall width of each twin shingle) is nailed along the lower edge of the roof. The lower row of shingles are then nailed end to end directly over said starter 3 with the blunt outer edges 1d of the tabs la flush with the outer and lower edge of said starter. T he starter 3 is provided for the purpose of filling the spaces between tabs in the lowest row of shingles. Clips 2 are then inserted in each slot l (or 1g, 1E) of said middle ply of shingles, with the tongues 2b thereof projecting through said slots. The shingles of the next upper row are then placed over the lower row with the joints thereof alternating.

Leashes withthe joints in the lower row as shown in Fig. 1, with the tab ed es ldlof the upper row coinciding with the ody edges 1c of the lower row of shingles, and the slots 1e of the upper row. registering with the slots lt (or the slots formed by the adjacent recesses 1 of abutting shingles) of the lower row. rll`he tongues 2* of clips 2 are passed through the slots le of the tabs directly overlying same, and are then bent downward as shown in Figs. 1, 4, G and 7, over the outer face of said tabs, holding the ends of the tabs 1L1 down against the shingles directly below the same. The upper row of shingles may then be nailed down to the roof, and the above procedure repeated for subsequent rows of shingles.

By using the twin shingles only three nails are necessary for each twin shingle, whereas two nails are necessary for each single shingle,ei'ecting a saving of one nail per twin shingle. The shingles may be eectively fastened in place by means of nails driven through perforations 1p adjacent the recesses 1g, in each outer corner of the twin shingle and through perforations 1s at the center of the twin shingles adjacent the slot 1f, three nails being ample for each twinshingle.

As indicated in Fig. 5, shingles of the above design :may be readily cut from strip roofing material with practically no loss of material, other than the small punehings made by cutting grooves lt and recesses 1g, and about one fourth of a twin shingle, at each end of the roofing strip, said losses being negligible. The shingles are uniform in size, and the completed roof has the appearance of being covered with square shingles having their vertical axes passing through diametrically opposite corners thereof.

The shingles may be made of any desired strip roofing material, such as asphalt on a felt base, asbestos, or other suitable compositions, or if desired they may be made of metal, wood, fibre, or the like, and when properly placed and spaced the shingles will form a three-ply thickness of rooting material on the roof at thetabs, and the outer ends of the tabs 1a will be securely held down by the clips 2 and cannot curl upwards.

lVhat l claim is: A

1. The combination of a shingle having a body portion with a plurality of integral spaced triangular tabs projectingfrom the lower edge thereof, each tab having a perforation near its lower end, and the body portion having slots' at each side of each tab, the slots in the body portion of one row of shingles being adapted to register with the perforations in the tabs of the next superimposed row oit shingles; with 'T- shaped metallic fastening clips having bases adapted to be inserted beneath the shingles in the middle ply with their Shanks bent upizo reeaeee ward and extending throu h the slots in such shingles, and also throug the perforations in the tabs of the next superimposed.v row mi' shingles with their outer ends bent down over the-ends of said tabs to lock said tabs to the body portions of the underlying shingles; whreb the tabs of the upper ply of shingles are ocked to the bodv portions of the middle ply and the imperforate lower ply of shingles under said fastening clips preventing seepage of Awater past the clips and into the roof'.y

2. The combination of a shingle having a rectangular body portion ap roximately equal in length to the width ofp two Single shingles, and having triangular tabs integral with and extending from the lower edge of said body portion, the tabs being somewhat less in base length than\ha1 the length of the edge of said body vortion, the apex of each tab being bluntedp and having a peroration adjacent the outer edge thereof, and said body portion having a slot in its lower edge intermediate the tabs and having recesses in its lower corners', the recesses in the ends of abutting shingles together forming a slot like the slot intermediate the tabs,

saidA shingles being adapted to be laid in overlappin rows with the perforations in the tabs o the upper vrow registering with the slots in the bod portions of the underlying shingles in th body portion being of'such width as to give a 3ply protection to the roof at the tabs when said shingles are laid in overlapping rows; with lV-sha'ped metallic fastening clips adaptedto be inserted beneath the shingles in the middle pl with their Shanks' bent upward and exten ed through the slots in such shingles and also through the perforations in the tabs of the outer ply of shingles and the outer ends of the Shanks being bent down over the ends of said tabs to lock said tabs' to thebody portions of the underlying shin` gles; whereby the tabs of the upper ply are locked to the body portions of the middle ply, the lower ply of shingles under the fastening cli s preventing seepage of water past the clips and into the roof.

In testimony that I claim the foregoingl as my own, I alix my Signature.

RICHARD S. SEVERNS.

e lower row, and said 

